The paper introduces a new theoretical framework for describing cosmological correlations, the statistical relationships that help physicists investigate the origin and evolution of the universe.

PISA, 5th June 2026. A paper published in Physical Review Letters in August 2025, with the participation of the Scuola Normale Superiore and Guilherme Leite Pimentel, Professor of Theoretical physics of fundamental interactions, models, mathematical methods and applications, has been selected among the top 2% of articles published by the journal during the year.

The paper introduces a new theoretical framework for describing cosmological correlations, the statistical relationships that help physicists investigate the origin and evolution of the universe. At the core of the work is the concept of kinematic flow, a framework that derives highly complex differential equations from combinatorial rules and geometric representations, opening new perspectives in the study of the early universe.

The research, was carried out by scholars from the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, the Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics in Taipei, Caltech’s Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics, the University of Chicago, and the Scuola Normale Superiore,
also points toward new ways of organizing cosmological calculations without explicitly relying on time evolution, engaging with some of the deepest questions in contemporary theoretical physics, from quantum gravity to the emergence of spacetime.

Physical Review Letters is one of the world’s leading international journals in physics.